The Ocean plays a crucial role in sustaining life on earth and is a key element in climate change. About two-third of the World’s Population (3.6 billion people) live within 60 kilometers of the coasts and many Nations depend on the sea for survival, whether through Fishing, Maritime trade or Tourism, Energy, or Minerals. The income from these resources is expected to be 21 trillion American Dollars per year. When we understand the Ocean system better, we will be able to predict some of the changes expected in the future such as El Nino’ and La Nina, and hopefully, offset them through intelligent co-operative action, In the shorter term better and more systematic observations of the Ocean will enable us to forecast imminent disasters from storms„ floods and drought and mitigate their effects, by warning the populations at risk.
The International Year of the Ocean (IY0) is an attempt to bring ocean issues to the attention of decision-makers and the general public. The idea originally came from Inter governmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) and was adopted by the UNESCO General conference it 1993. The United Nations General Assembly formally adopted IOC’s in December 1994. The IOC was set up by UNESCO in 1960 to develop, recommend and coordinate international programs for scientific investigation of the Ocean and to provide relate ocean services to member states (Currently Over 125).