A Note on Pushkin’S Life

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born in Moscow on May 26,1799. The Pushkin’s had been nobles for more than six hundred years. On his mother’s side. Pushkin was descended from Gannibal, or Hannibal, an Abyssinian Princeling who become the ward and favorite of peter the Great By Pushim time his family had lost its influence, but it still had a recognized, though hardly an important place in the Russian nobility.

In 1811 Pushkin was selected to be among the thirty students of the first class of the Lyceum of Tsarskoe Selo, which Alexander I established to educate sons of prominent families for important positions in the state. At the Lyceum, from 1811 -1817, he received the best education available in Russia at the time. He soon not only became the unofficial laureate of the Lyceum but also found a wider audience, and recognition.

After one of his lyrics appeared in the journal. The Messenger of Europe, in 1814 more and more of his poems appeared in print. In 1815, his poem ” Recollections in Tsarskoe Selo ” met the approval of the honorable Derzhavin, greatest eighteenth century Russian poet, at public examination in the Lyceum. Upon completing the Lyceum, he was given a sinecure in the collegium of Foreign Affairs in Petersburg. The next three years, he spent mainly in carefree, light-hearted pursuit of pleasure. In 1819, he joined the Green Lamp, a group which combined, as he did, interest in the theater and actresses with a desire for political reform, Between 1817 and 1820, he reflected liberal views through ” revolutionary poems such as his ode” Freedom,” “The village”, and a number of other poems. At the same time, he was working on his first large scale work, Ruslan and Lyudmila.

In April 1820, his political poems led to his being interrogated by the Petersburg’s governor-general and then to exile to South Russia under the guise of an administrative transfer in the service. Pushkin left Petersburg for Ekaterinoslav on May 6.1820. Soon after his arrival there, he was allowed to make an extended trip to the Caucasus and the Crimea, together with the family of General Raevsky, a hero of 1812. At the same time, under the Raevsky’s tutelage, he fell under the spell of the poetry of Byron.

In Kishinev and on the estate Kamenka, a province of Kiev, he became acquainted with the more radical leaders of the secret societies. During his almost three years in Kishinev. Pushkin wrote his first Byronic verse tales. The Prisoner Caucasus. The Bandit Brothers and The Bakbcbisaray. And two months before leaving Ki began his novel in verse, Evgeny Onegin.

With the aid of influential friends, he was July 1823, to Odessa, a busy, free Black Sea Port cosmopolitan “European” atmosphere. In literary creativeness continued, as he completed. The fountain of Bakbcbisaray and the first chapter of Evgeny Onegin and began the Gypsies, the most most romantic tales inverse.

During 1824 and 1823 at Mikhaylovskoe, he wrote Boris Godunov. When the Decemberist uprising took place in Petersburg on December 14, 1825, Pushkin, Still in Mikhaylovskoe, was not a participant. But he soon learned he was implicated, for all the Decembrists had copies of early political poems. He destroyed his papers that might be dangerous for himself or others. In late spring of 1826, sent to the Tsar a petition requesting that he be released from exile.

In 1829, he met Natalia Goncharova, and presented a formal proposal in April of that year. He renewed his suit for the hand of Natalia Goncharova, and in April 1830, his repeated proposal was accepted, on the condition that his ambiguous situation with the government is clarified. As a kind of wedding present, Pushkin was given permission to publish Boris Godunov after four years of waiting for authorization under his “own responsibility”. He was formally betrothed on May 6, 1830. Pushkin was married to Natalia Goncharova on February 18,1931 in Moscow

The three months in Bodino turned out to be literally the most productive of, his life. In the four subsequent years, he had written only Poltava, his unfinished novel The Black Moor of peter the Great and Chapter VII of Evgeny Onegin. During The autumn at Boldino, Pushkin wrote the five short stories of the Tales of Belkan, The little house of Kolumna, The Avaricious knight, Mozart and &inert The Stone Guest and the Devils. As Pushkin worked in the archives, his interest moved   from peter the Great to the Pugachev Revolt of 1773- 1975, for a work   of   historical   research and a historical novel in the fall of 1833, he   made a trip to the Pugachev country, in the Ural region. On the way back, he stopped at Baldino, and there, he had another of   his   short   fruitful literary   periods. Since 1830, he   had   completed only one major work, his fairy tale in verse, Tsar saltan. In a month and a half, he wrote, The Bronze Horseman, The Queen of Spades and Angelo, and he unshed his work of historical research, The History of Pugachev.

By this time, he was himself in such financial straits that he applied for a leave of absence to retire to the country for three or four years, or if that were refused, for a substantial sum money as a loan to cover his most pressing debts and the permission to publish a journal. The leave of absence was brusquely refused, but a loan of thirty thousand rubles was, after some trouble, negotiated, permission to publish beginning in 1836, a quarterly literary journal. The contemporary, was finally granted as well. The journal was not a financial success, and it involved him in endless editorial and financial cares and in difficulties with the censors. It had become, meanwhile, harder and harder for him to find the solitude and serenity, which would wake it possible for him to do creative work. Short visits to the country in 1834 and 1835 had resulted in the completion of only one major work, The Tale of the Golden Cockerel, and during 1836, he completed his novel on Pugachev, The Captain’s Daughter, and a number of his finest lyrics.

Pushkin’s final tragedy was played against the background of Court society. Marne Pushkina loved the attention, which her beauty attracted in the highest society she was fond of “coquetting” and of being surrounded by admires, who included the Tsar himself. In 1834, Mine Pushkina met a young man, who was not content with coquetry, a handsome French royalist emigre in Russian service, who was adopted b1 the Dutch Ambassador, Heeckeren. Young a’Anthes-Heeckeren pursued Mme. Pushkinit for two years, and finally so openly and unabashedly that by autumn, 1836. it was